[Stefan George (1868-1933)] formed an artistic mystery cult complete with recitals of prophetic poetry, ceremonial talismans and gowns, the wearing of bishops' miters, etc. This sort of formal costume ceremonialism had long be associated with various occult circles in Europe and underwent a revival with the decadent "satanist" movement in France and later in England in the 1880s among the culturally elite members (including W. B. Yeats) of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. The group of young men ([Alfred Schuler (1865-1923)] was thirty-two, the rest in their twenties) met to read and discuss mythology, cultural history, and literature. Among their favorite authors were three of Jung's most powerful influences: Nietzsche, Carus, and Bachofen. _________________________________________________ _The Jung Cult_, Richard Noll, Free Press Paperbacks; 1997; p. 167. ----------------------------------------------- On French decadent "satanism," see James Laver, _The First Decadent: The Strange Life of J. K. Huysmans_ (New York: Citadel Press, 1955), pp. 110-55. Huysmans's famous novel, _La-Bas_ (1891), with its graphic descriptions of the satanic black mass [there are other types? nagasiva], reflected the practices among some of the decadents in the French occult underground. On the Golden Dawn and its practices, see Ellic Howe, _The Magicians of the Golden Dawn: A Documentary of a Magical Order, 1887-1923_ (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1972). ___________________________________________________ Ibid., p. 356. -------------- EOF